Introduction
In high-temperature and high-pressure industrial environments, sealing failure can lead to catastrophic consequences. Metal ring gaskets, as critical sealing components for pipeline flanges, valves, and pressure vessels, have become the preferred solution in industries such as petrochemicals, nuclear power, and aerospace due to their exceptional pressure-bearing capacity and resistance to extreme conditions.
1. Structure and Working Principle of Metal Ring Gaskets
Metal ring gaskets are precision-machined from annular metal materials (e.g., 304 stainless steel, Inconel, or titanium alloys). They achieve self-energized sealing through line contact or surface contact. Under bolt preload, the gasket undergoes elastic-plastic deformation to fill microscopic irregularities on flange surfaces, achieving zero-leakage sealing.
2. Key Performance Advantages
- Extreme Environment Adaptability: Withstands temperatures from -200°C to 800°C and pressures exceeding 1000Bar
- Longevity Design: Cyclic compression tests show 5-8x longer lifespan compared to traditional non-metallic gaskets
- Environmental Compliance: 100% recyclable materials compliant with API 6A/ASME B16.20 standards
3. Industry Application Cases
- LNG Storage Tanks: Octagonal ring gaskets (RTJ Type R) validated at -162°C
- Refinery Hydrocrackers: Dual-conic ring systems achieve 10-year maintenance-free operation
- Nuclear Reactor Coolant Pumps: Oval rings compliant with RCC-M nuclear certifications
4. Maintenance Recommendations
- Pre-installation flange surface roughness check (Ra≤3.2μm) using laser profilometers
- Apply torque-angle method for bolt preload control (error <±15%)
- Regular helium leak tests to ensure sealing integrity